It is indicated that today there are three types of sports game airsoft: amateur (popular, mass, entertaining), sports (in the form of specially regulated competitions) and VR (virtual). An interesting game of “war” in the form of a sports competition is an effective way to form and improve physical qualities, motor fitness, volitional self-control, motivation to achieve results, self-control, somatognosis, organizational and communication skills (due to team activities) — that is, almost all the main components of the upbringing of a patriotic personality.

The article is devoted to the problem of upbringing schoolchildren, which is relevant for modern education, which is considered in the context of the thesis formulated by L. S. Vygotsky: the cultural development of the child leads us to the issues of upbringing. The essence of the mutual conditionality of culture and education, which “allows” the learning process to influence the upbringing of schoolchildren, is discussed. Attention is drawn to the fact that the school psychological service as a psychological support of the educational process is an integral education that combines scientific, applied and practical aspects, and that education issues are largely related to its applied aspects.

The results of a study of the problem of aggressive behavior of subjects of educational relations conducted in 2023 in 20 regions of the Russian Federation are presented. The target group of the study was young people aged 14 to 22 years. 3012 respondents took part in the study. The online survey was conducted using an adapted questionnaire by R. A. Andrianova. The purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence of various types and forms of aggressive behavior in the educational environment. Research objectives: to identify various types of aggressive behavior — verbal, physical, cyber aggression, cyberbullying; to identify forms of aggressive actions: direct or indirect, face-to-face (offline) or remotely (online); to assess role affiliation in a situation of aggressive behavior (aggressor / stalker, victim and witness / observer), to determine a resource for overcoming aggressive ways of interaction of subjects of educational relations. It is established that different types and forms of aggressive behavior are interrelated and mutually conditioned as a result of the prevailing destructive interactions in an educational organization. It is proved that the comprehensive prevention of aggressive behavior is an important area of ensuring a safe educational environment in general and the personal safety of each subject of educational relations.

In the modern world, where there are strained geopolitical relations between countries, where more and more political leaders of various states are being drawn every day, thereby increasing the global conflict, it is necessary to clarify the interpersonal relations of people among themselves in order to try to settle the world order and preserve humanity. The article describes the results of a study of patriotic education of young people living in Scandinavia and in the closest European countries to Russia. Some manifestations of patriotism are identified, as well as the deep patriotic feelings of people living in their country are revealed. In the article, the key conclusion of the research work is determined that: patriotic education of representatives of other countries has its own characteristics, both among young people and the older generation of people living in Europe. The peculiarities and specifics of each country and their generally positive or neutral attitude towards Russians. Revealing the essence and content of patriotic education, the peculiarities and specifics of each of the countries are stated, however, in the overwhelming majority, the common thing that unites representatives of these countries is caring for their own families, this is passion for professional activities and personal affairs.

Научно-исследовательская работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке ЦИПБ РАН в рамках государственного задания 2023 года № FFZ-2021-0005 В статье дана характеристика вербальной и физической агрессии, представлены результаты эмпирического исследования проблемы вербальной и физической агрессии в различных регионах РФ. Обоснованы социальнопедагогические условия эффективной профилактической работы образовательной организации. Разработано содержание профилактической работы педагогов с обучающимися, родителями или законными представителями обучающихся.

The article reveals the moral and aesthetic aspects of the pedagogical potential of Russian literature and their influence on the formation among cadets of military universities of a sense of belonging to the greatest mission of the Russian army, which is to liberate peoples from resurgent neo-fascism and nationalism. The heroic images and examples of courage and perseverance of the Russian soldier reflected in literature instill in future officers pride in belonging to the great Fatherland.

The article reveals the importance of the personality of an employee of the penitentiary system (penal system) in reforming the Russian penitentiary system in terms of humanizing relations both between employees and convicts, and between employees themselves. The role of the departmental higher education institution of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the education of the future employee of the penal system as a person and professional is substantiated. The value content of the moral education of cadets of a departmental university is determined, in which a special place belongs to ethical responsibility, as a value that finds an imperative continuation in the requirements imposed on the employee of the penal system by professional ethics. The scientific ideas of scientists about the professional ethics of an employee of the penal system, which reflects the norms and requirements for an employee, are analyzed. It is substantiated that the professional ethics of an employee of the penal system provides value content for the implementation of the moral education of cadets.

The article deals with the problem of the formation of the moral potential of students in educational organizations. Conceptual and theoretical statements about the essence and content of the moral potential of students are formulated. Sociological data on the research problem are given.

The article presents a new understanding of the process of education in secondary vocational education. The features of secondary vocational education are revealed, which allow us to talk about conditions that significantly distinguish educational activities in professional educational organizations from similar work in schools. The basic principles of the organization of students’ labor activity are presented, the connection of the processes of growing up with the participation of students in social activities is shown. Promising directions for improving education in secondary vocational education are proposed.

In educational organizations, along with normotypic peers, certain categories of students with special educational needs receive education: disabled children, children with disabilities, gifted children, children with deviant behavior, children from socially vulnerable groups (children from orphanages, children from migrant families, bilingual children). Inclusive education — ensuring equal access to education for all students, taking into account the diversity of special educational needs and individual opportunities. An inclusive educational space is a place where all students are provided with conditions for personal development, self determination and socialization based on the values, rules and norms of Russian society. The article defines the main approaches to educational work with children with special educational needs in inclusive education, identifies the psychological and pedagogical features of children with special educational needs and defines the main approaches to educational work with this category of children.

Steady success in forming Russian citizens can only be reached with upbringing and socialization institutions functioning in coordination. With this in mind the Russian practice of the late years is analyzed. It is shown that there is no full coordination in this sense on the basis of national Russian values. In many cases these institutions confront each other in their work. This results in a number of problems and contradictory results in upbringing and socialization. Some measures to harmonize these processes are suggested.

This article deals with the problem of educating moral and patriotic guidelines in the formation of an imaginary picture of the world of schoolchildren by means of fiction in modern conditions. The analysis of pedagogical and methodical literature was carried out and the material on the indicated problem was summarized. The authors determined the main moral and patriotic guidelines for the education of schoolchildren, substantiated their selection, considered the methodological possibilities of their use in classroom and extracurricular classes in literature. The program of the elective course for the 10th grade “The Image of the Small Motherland in Russian and World Literature” is presented; specific examples of its implementation are given.

The upbringing of patriots in Russia has always been an important and significant problem. It is no coincidence that Russia has won the vast majority of wars against a wide variety ofsnations. It is fundamentally important to recognize the following: in these wars, Russia defended itself, its integrity and sovereignty. During the Second World War, the contribution of the USSR to the victory over Nazi Germany and its allies and satellites was decisive. The more blasphemous looks the medal in honor of the victors over fascism, issued in Washington, on which three countries are represented: the USA, England, France.

The article reveals the importance of the process of educating political culture among military personnel and employees of the National Guard troops of the Russian Federation and its role in ensuring the national security of the state in modern conditions. Based on the analysis of modern realities, it is concluded that it is necessary to develop a system for educating the political culture of servicemen and employees of the National Guard troops of the Russian Federation within the framework of military-political work carried out in the troops.

The article reveals the main trends and directions of activity of military and government bodies in organizing propaganda and agitation aimed at finding pedagogical ways and features of forming burning hatred among army and navy personnel for the German occupiers using modern means of radio broadcasting. The authors substantiate the importance and necessity for achieving victory in the war to create in the minds of army and navy personnel the image of the enemy, with all his barbaric and savage acts, as a criminal entity.

The article reveals the issues of instilling in the Red Army and Red Navy men a burning hatred for the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War by means of visual agitation and propaganda. The great power of the poster is shown, which arouses feelings of hatred in the soldiers and the desire to avenge the enemy for his atrocities. Particular attention is paid to the integrated use of visual and oral agitation.

The article analyzes the experience of instilling burning hatred for the Nazi invaders among the Red Army and Red Navy men, shows features of agitation and propaganda activities by means of the military press. The paper presents and analyzes the specifics of influence on the consciousness and behavior of military personnel of information about the atrocities of fascist monsters on the occupied territory in military magazines, central, district and naval newspapers, bulletins, leaflets, combat leaflets. Recommendations are formulated for modern command and military-political bodies on the use of this experience in militarypolitical propaganda and agitation for the formation of the image of the enemy and readiness to defend their Fatherland during a special military operation among the military and the entire Russian people.

В статье анализируются значимые вехи истории изучения в российской педагогической психологии образовательной среды развития учащихся, выделяются ее основные модели, а также показано их значение для оптимизации учебно-воспитательного процесса формирования мышления и личности в современном образовательном пространстве.

Currently, music education in universities in China is developing at an accelerated pace. But, unfortunately, the music education system focuses on the implementation of Western standards, sometimes neglecting the education and inheritance of Chinese traditional music. Because of this, there are problems that the government is trying to solve. The article briefly analyzes the current situation with music education at universities on the inheritance of traditional Chinese music, examines the importance of music education in terms of increasing cultural awareness, expanding the influence of traditional Chinese music. The authors reveal the educational aspect of traditional music in Chinese higher education.

The article is devoted to the description of the realization of the educational potential of the pedagogical block of practical tasks. The authors emphasize that it is the content of the pedagogical block of practice assignments that contributes to solving the tasks of education and the formation of significant personal qualities of a student.