The article presents the results of the study of crisis situations described by people who have experienced crisis states and coped with them. Based on the descriptions of crisis situations, the types of crisis states, their causes, components and signs will be highlighted.

In the modern world, where there are strained geopolitical relations between countries, where more and more political leaders of various states are being drawn every day, thereby increasing the global conflict, it is necessary to clarify the interpersonal relations of people among themselves in order to try to settle the world order and preserve humanity. The article describes the results of a study of patriotic education of young people living in Scandinavia and in the closest European countries to Russia. Some manifestations of patriotism are identified, as well as the deep patriotic feelings of people living in their country are revealed. In the article, the key conclusion of the research work is determined that: patriotic education of representatives of other countries has its own characteristics, both among young people and the older generation of people living in Europe. The peculiarities and specifics of each country and their generally positive or neutral attitude towards Russians. Revealing the essence and content of patriotic education, the peculiarities and specifics of each of the countries are stated, however, in the overwhelming majority, the common thing that unites representatives of these countries is caring for their own families, this is passion for professional activities and personal affairs.

Various approaches to the study of loneliness in psychology are discussed, among which the cultural-historical approach is highlighted. The concepts of loneliness and solitude are correlated. The forms of representation of the problem of loneliness in the works of F. M. Dostoevsky, T. Mann, A. P. Chekhov, M. Vrubel, I. Levitan are analyzed.

The process of reading is considered in the context of the problem of consciousness. The concept of modes of consciousness functioning is applied, similar to the concept of consciousness registers according to D. A. Leontiev. Four modes of functioning of consciousness, important for psychology, are isolated from literary sources: feeling, distancing, dialogue with the author, internal dialogue. They are supplemented by a meditation register. The concept of chronotope, introduced into science by M. M. Bakhtin, is analyzed according to the criteria of differential psychology. It is assumed that readers’ preferences are due to the similarity of the chronotopes of their life world and the author’s.

The article analyzes the results of a pedagogical experiment aimed at increasing the level of formation of a scientific worldview among foreign cadets. During its implementation, experimental and control groups of cadets were created, similar in their qualitative characteristics. To determine the initial level of formation of a scientific worldview, the evaluation methods “Scientific concept of the world” and “David Wexler Intelligence Test” were used. The research results were analyzed using methods of mathematical statistics, in particular, the Mann—Whitney U-test, which allows us to assess the degree of difference in the results of testing of individual groups. Then a methodology was proposed for the experimental group — a special course “Formation of a scientific method of cognition among foreign servicemen in military universities of the Russian Federation”, and in the control group — a traditional methodology. At the end of the pedagogical experiment, the collection and comparative analysis of data in both groups of foreign cadets was repeated. The study showed that after the behavior of the experiment, the test results of the experimental and control groups have significant differences, which indicates that there is a positive effect of the method under study.

На сегодняшний день наблюдается рост конкуренции между техническими вузами за достойных студентов. Актуальность исследования обусловлена значимостью методических приемов для повышения качества агитационной работы по набору студентов для обучения по направлению подготовки «Химическая технология». Проанализированы анкеты 98 студентов за 5 лет набора, обучающихся по направлению «Химическая технология». На протяжении анализируемого периода перспектива трудоустройства и наличие бюджетных мест были самыми существенными аргументами. Затем следуют престиж специальности, рекомендации консультантов в приемной комиссии, рекомендации родителей. Отмечается прямая очень тесная корреляционная связь между рекомендациями родителей и учителей, рекомендациями родителей и рекламой в Интернете, рекомендациями друзей и близостью дома, рекомендациями друзей и наших выпускников.

The purpose of the study described in the article is to determine the anthropological components that affect the quality of higher education. In the course of the study, a series of pedagogical experiments were organized in universities of medical, engineering, pedagogical profiles on the degree of manifestation of anthropological components in the classroom. The results of the study show that not only digital, but also traditional learning should be organized taking into account anthropological components (personal, empathic, reflective, cognitive, interactive, integrative, attractive, synergistic): only a person can educate a person, form a personality.

The analysis of biographical materials, interviews and memoirs of students and employees of Academician of the Russian Academy of Education A. A. Bodalev and director of school No. 22 in Kuibyshev (Samara) V. D. Ostrovsky is carried out. The general, special and singular at the main stages of life and in the personality characteristics of both Teachers— the creators of author’s schools are singled out, memories of them are presented.

This article presents arguments in favor of an objective, logical conclusion: there was no urgent need for Russia to adopt the Balon process. In fact, the Bologna process significantly lowered the educational bar in Russia and, thereby, dealt a blow to the national security system of our country.

The study of the genesis of arbitrary activity by Vygotsky’s followers led to the ideas of the activity approach, which took root in the Moscow methodological circle (Shchedrovitsky, Lefebvre, Davydov, etc.) by the end of the 1950s. In the early 90s, the primacy of the activity approach in domestic education was officially declared, in spite of fair criticism from the supporters of the information-needs concept of man developed by Simonov and Ershov (based on the ideas of Sechenov and Stanislavsky). Their concept took into account the focus of any needs on either preservation of what has already been achieved, or on all new development (with the inevitable negation of what has been previously achieved). The connection of this dichotomy with positive and negative emotions, revealed in a new way the role of game activity in transformations of actual human need dominants.

The first part of the article contains a brief historical background about the main directions of temperament research conducted by foreign and domestic scientists. Particular attention is paid to the methodological principles of modern experimental studies of temperament, formulated by V. D. Nebylitsyn back in the 60s of the last century. In connection with the emergence during this time of new technologies for the experimental study of the properties of the central nervous system as the basic basis of temperament, a new experimental technique is proposed in the work, which is based on the hypothesis of the correlation of some properties of the summary skin potential with the main characteristics of temperament types. The second part of the article, which will appear in the next issue of the journal, will present the first results of an experiment using summary skin potential as an indicator that correlates with at least some types of temperament.

The second part of the article contains a description of the methodology and results of the search experiment, which tested the hypothesis of using a new psychophysiological indicator — summery skin potential — for diagnosing the type of temperament. To do this, first, using the Eysenck verbal test, the type of temperament of each subject was determined, then his summery skin potential was recorded, 6 parameters of which were calculated using a special algorithm. Based on the total estimates of all parameters, 2 groups of temperaments were identified, differing in the magnitude and signs of Z-scores: phlegmatic-melancholic (negative Z) and sanguine-choleric (positive Z). In the Eysenck test, these same groups differed only on the basis of extraversion-introversion. Since several parameters of the total skin potential turned out to be, at least at a qualitative level, sensitive to the basic 4 types of temperament, in the future it is planned to continue the study on a larger sample of subjects to quantitatively substantiate the hypothesis.

The article presents a number of propositions and hypotheses of V. P. Zinchenko concerning development in ontogenesis. His commitment to L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural and historical concept and the changes and additions he makes to it are shown. His views on the child’s mastery of the word and the development of actions and images interrelated with it are given. The ideas about the self-development of personality in culture and the danger of rigid purposeful personality formation are reflected. The general scheme of the genome of cultural and historical personality development is described.

The diversity and versatility of the creativity of the classic Russian psychologist V. P. Zinchenko also implicitly includes a number of works that can be attributed to the genre of historical-psychological research. The peculiarity of these studies in the works of V. P. Zinchenko is their compliance with the fundamental demands of life and problems of modern for V. P. Zinchenko psychology, also remaining relevant today. In his series of personological works entitled “To My Teachers and Honored Interlocutors,” the author singles out A.A. Ukhtomsky as the very first and his scientific heritage, which is highly valued by the author for its significance for modern domestic and, more broadly, world psychological science. An important feature of the personological approach in relevant studies by V.P. Zinchenko is, in our opinion, the resonance of the creative manifestations, character and actions of the person chosen for analysis — the author’s own intentions of the personality.

The article explores the concept of aesthetic culture, the issue of aesthetic consciousness and its role in teaching vocals. The formation and development of aesthetic consciousness in the process of musical activity is studied, as well as how it helps the musician to perceive the content of a musical work. The author emphasizes the equivalence of the parallel development of two directions in vocal education: technical and artistic. In the article, the author comes to the conclusion that the aesthetic consciousness of a musician reflects his artistic worldview, thinking, imagination, individual culture and musical taste.

In modern pedagogy, as a result of the transition to training according to federal educational standards, active attention is paid to the personal qualities of students, the formation of competencies that will help them adapt to rapidly changing environmental conditions. This issue is relevant at the current stage of training the younger generation and contributes to solving the main requirement of the new standards (FGOS) “teach to learn”. This article discusses the possibilities of web quest technologies to increase the cognitive activity of students. The pedagogical conditions for using web quest technologies in English classes are highlighted, the stages of creating web quest technologies are defined.

The article briefly analyzes the life path in science and the professional activities of the prominent educational psychologist N. V. Kuzmina. She is the founder of such an innovative field of human science as acmeology for the development of professionalism of adult specialists. She implemented this innovative discipline based on the study of the work of such main subjects of the education system as a kindergarten teacher, a school teacher, a master of industrial training, a teacher and a university dean. The article is the first to analyze, from the standpoint of subject-activity and institutional-personological approaches, the outstanding role of N. V. Kuzmina in studying the development of abilities, pedagogical talent and talent of teachers in the education system. The decisive creative contribution of N.V. Kuzmina and her scientific school to the creation of the foundations and development of acmeology technologies in modern human science is shown.

Научно-исследовательская работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке ЦИПБ РАН в рамках государственного задания 2023 года № FFZ-2021-0005 В статье дана характеристика вербальной и физической агрессии, представлены результаты эмпирического исследования проблемы вербальной и физической агрессии в различных регионах РФ. Обоснованы социальнопедагогические условия эффективной профилактической работы образовательной организации. Разработано содержание профилактической работы педагогов с обучающимися, родителями или законными представителями обучающихся.

The article raises the problem of migration outflow of young people from territories with a complex natural, climatic and socio-economic context on the example of the Yelizovsky district of Kamchatka. We are working on the hypothesis of the school potential in reducing the outflow of young people by developing interaction with the local community, building a connection between external reality and learning activities as a way of forming a positive emotional connection with the place in students. Life plans of high school students and management strategies of school administrators are analyzed in a qualitative design based on the results of an expedition to 15 schools in the Yelizovsky district. Patterns of stable trajectories of those high school students who continued their education in grades 10–11 and those who left school after grade 9 are established. The conclusion is formed that differences in the migration plans of high school students can be associated with only one type of interaction between the school and the local community — career guidance activities involving local vocational education and training organizations and enterprises. The effect is achieved by reducing the asymmetry of information about the opportunities for self-realization in their region.