In this article, the authors discuss the relevance of the views of the great scientist and teacher K. D. Ushinsky in our days, since the modern realities of the digitalization of society exacerbate the issue of the cultural essence and the formation of the personality of a young person. It is in the art classes in additional education, according to the authors, that the resources of folk pedagogy according to Ushinsky are applicable. Among the main directions are offered: education of youth in accordance with the national system of values and a personality-oriented approach to classes to achieve the creative development of students. As an example, the content of classes in the vocal studio of a typical institution of secondary vocational education is analyzed.

The authors describe the experience of implementing active and traditional teaching methods in the study of the discipline “Modern problems of science and education”, implemented within the framework of the Master’s degree in Pedagogical Education. The paper describes examples of the use of active and traditional teaching methods in practical classes, including: a class-conference, educational debates, project development and defense, essay writing, drawing up intelligence maps.

The article analyzes the influence of national character on the socio-psychological adaptation of migrants in the new host society. The analysis of interaction is examined on the example of Russian-speaking migrants in Germany. In this connection, the author presents in detail the main factors influencing the formation of the German and Russian national character in the context of their historical interaction, as well as the characteristics of the current stage of relations. The article provides an analysis of the relevance and practical significance of the phenomenon of national character and its role in the adaptation of migrants to new living conditions with a view to their further successful self-actualization and the preservation of the mental well-being of interacting ethnic groups, both the arriving migrants and the receiving society, as well as the development of specific practical tools to address critical issues of international community interaction in matters of economic, migration and social policy.

This article presents the results of experimental research on the study of the interconnection between the indicators of socio-psychological adaptation and the level of professional self-actualization of Russian-speaking migrants using Germany as an example. The article substantiates the relevance and necessity of creating comprehensive measures of psychological support for migrants in the process of their professional self-realization. In particular, we present the results of theoretical analysis of contemporary scientific literature on these problems as well as analysis of the results of psychological support of professional self-realisation of migrants based on the author‘s model, which includes methods of cognitive behavioural therapy, projective techniques and coaching technologies.

The subject of the study is to find a solution to the dilemma of comprehensive mental and mental development of bilingual children at the stage of their personal formation. The aim of the work is to substantiate a theoretical and methodological approach to the support of bilingual children in a preschool educational organization, considering age-related development features using the sensory integration method. The publication discusses theoretical issues of bilingualism, age-related futures of the development of a bilingual child, and suggests methods of working with bilingual children using sensory integration and provides an example of such work. The article presents a general scientific systematic approach to the psychological and pedagogical support of bilingual children study, its stages and developmental work on each of them.

The article is devoted to the issue of developing the educational potential of intended teachers from territories of new constituent entities of Russia. The author has clarified the characteristic of student’s educational potential considered as a complex social and psychological quality, including personal resources, psychological reserves and person internal capabilities. Sociocultural and social-professional factors contributing to the development of the quality under study are identified, forms and methods are defined. The findings of the study demonstrate that the contemporary teaching objective is to provide a student with guidance on how to effectively educate themselves, and help him/her become a specialist and a citizen of Russia.

The article raises the problem of the development of cultural-historical psychology in the direction of an evolutionary-activity approach. The concepts of essence and existence are compared with the concepts of norm and pathology, the concepts of development with the concepts of evolution. It is proved that the main psychological mechanisms of personality development and the evolution of the psyche are competition (comparison), “double reflection”, personogenesis, noogenesis and personal disintegration.

The article presents an analysis of the problems of complex speech therapy for children with severe speech disorders. Modern approaches to the organization of propaedeutic correctional work with children with speech disorders are determined, the enriching interaction of employees of preschool and school educational institutions and the teaching staff of a pedagogical university is shown. The problem of continuity of preschool and school education for children with disabilities is reflected. The materials presented in the article allow us to reflect the modern problems of comprehensive speech therapy for children with special educational needs.

The article proposes to consider the conditions for the integration of foreign students into the educational process of a modern university on the example of the Bratsk State University. It is shown that the psychological phenomenon of personality integration into a new society for her, in its structure contains cognitive, value and activity components; as the main condition for the integration of foreign students into the educational process, a specially developed and experimentally tested model of personality integration can act, including a methodological block, diagnostic tools, as well as a program of training sessions with foreign students students separately, and with an integral group of students during the involvement of the latter in active work in practical classes of a series of humanities; the program of training sessions should be focused on all components of the structure of the phenomenon of integration of the individual into a new society. It is found that the level of development of the integration of the personality of foreign students is highly correlated with the level of formation of the polysubjectivity of their personality and can be studied both from the position of a differentiated and from the position of an integrative approach in experimental work with respondents of the education system.

The formation of the civil identity of migrants is considered in the context of their integration and as a set of stable formed personal characteristics of a person who is aware of belonging to the community of citizens of the host state. Based on a survey of migrant workers from the CIS countries, it was revealed that the social risk group is represented by migrants who are in a difficult life situation, who have a significant social and cultural distance from the host society due to their ethnicity, low educational resource and level of linguistic adaptation. It is proved that with the integration model of adaptation develops migrants’ interest in the culture of the host society, creates conditions for constructive intercultural interactions, reduces the risks of social isolation in the host society. It is proved that the formation of the civil identity of migrants is important not only for the development of inter-ethnic relations in Russian society, but also for neutralizing the risks of negative migration processes.

The article reflects some of the materials of the theoretical part of Liu Lu’s dissertation research devoted to the development of a scientifically based methodology for raising children’s interest in piano music based on the integration of general musical and elementary piano education in China. The study has been conducted since 2022. under the scientific guidance of T. I. Baklanova at the Department of Methodology and Technologies of Pedagogy of Music Education named after. E. B. Abdullin of the Moscow Pedagogical State University. The purpose of this article is to reveal the cultural-historical and musical-pedagogical foundations for designing this technique. The article first gives a general description of the formation and development of musical and educational activities aimed at raising children’s interest in listening to and performing piano music in the 19th–21st centuries, and then substantiates the importance of the Russian educational project “Music for All” for creating the author’s integrated method of raising interest children to piano music. This technique will be developed and experimentally tested until 2024 as part of Liu Lu’s dissertation research.