The article presents a number of propositions and hypotheses of V. P. Zinchenko concerning development in ontogenesis. His commitment to L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural and historical concept and the changes and additions he makes to it are shown. His views on the child’s mastery of the word and the development of actions and images interrelated with it are given. The ideas about the self-development of personality in culture and the danger of rigid purposeful personality formation are reflected. The general scheme of the genome of cultural and historical personality development is described.

The presented work examines the basic concepts of virtual reality, which is especially relevant at the present time, and also presents the results of an instrumental study of the influence of virtual reality on the psycho-emotional state of a person. No work has been carried out in the declared aspect, therefore this work can be considered exclusive.

The article examines units of cognitive experience, among which special attention is paid to cognitive strategies. Their understanding is extremely important for the development of the foundations of modern psychodidactics. Definitions of cognitive strategies are given, their psychological content is specified. The purposeful development of cognitive strategies within the framework of the author’s educational model for the implementation of individualization of subjectivity development is proposed.

This article covers the psychological analysis of cyberbullying. It also describes psychological mechanisms that cause cyberbullying adolescents in the internet environment and its consequences. Psychological conditions for preventing cyberattacks on adolescents and remedial actions have been pointed out and justified. Approximate methods of cyber security have been presented.

In the context of current socio-cultural trends in our country and in the world, the interactive approach substantiates the process of interpersonal communication as a value and as the goal of educational activities. As a result, the educational result of interactive learning involves the personal actualization of the student with the involvement of his intellectual, creative and communicative resources. The established didactic goal is achieved through the study, comprehension, practical development of the content of the educational material and the acquisition of communication skills by students. The authors present the results of a semantic analysis of the correlation between the concepts of “communication” and “interaction”.

The article is devoted to the actual problem of pedagogical interaction with students from China. The article reveals the characteristics of external and internal conditions that determine the specifics of adaptation of graduate students from China to study at a Russian university. The author of the article describes the methodological and psychological features of the interaction of teachers and graduate students in the classroom of pedagogical psychology in the context of intercultural communication and the use of blended learning. The necessity of training teachers for the necessary adaptation of educational activities to the personal characteristics of students from China is shown.

The article highlights the methodological basis for choosing ways of interaction between military personnel of the National Guard of the Russian Federation and the local population, reveals issues of theoretical forecasting that justify the choice of methodological ways to study the interaction of military personnel with the local population, and also substantiates the relevance of using activity-based, anthropological and axiological approaches to the study of this phenomenon.

The article discusses the experience of commanders and political agencies in instilling hatred for the Nazi aggressors during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, shows the significance of this experience for modern military-political work in the army and navy.

The article analyzes the main measures of information protection, their importance in building a system of information protection of a state institution, as well as possible vulnerabilities of these measures. Based on the analysis and practical experience, moral and ethical norms are identified as the most vulnerable and least studied from a pedagogical point of view. Taking into account the specifics of the activity of a civil servant, proposals are formulated to form a sense of responsibility for the safety of information of limited distribution in a civil servant, based, among other things, on the personal example of the head of a structural subdivision of a state institution.

The article deals with the pedagogical interaction between the subjects of the educational process, which is a special form of relationship between the participants in the educational process and provides for the mutual enrichment of their intellectual and emotional activity. An important task of optimizing pedagogical interaction is to resolve emerging contradictions and difficulties in the process of its implementation.

The article reveals the pedagogical foundations for counteracting the informational and psychological influence of American culture on Russian youth by means of Russian musical art, shows the role and significance of Russian music in the formation of the national identity of the younger generation.

The analysis of domestic scientific papers posted on the platform eLIBRARY.RU from 2020 to 2024 is presented as well as foreign scientific publications of the postSoviet space. The formation of the experience of safe behavior of students in the process of learning, upbringing, and development is considered by the authors as a key condition for ensuring pedagogical safety in higher education organizations. The author’s definition of pedagogical safety as a complex system of an organized favorable environment for quality education and development, preservation and strengthening of physical, psychological and social health of subjects of educational relations is given.

The article discusses promising areas of the university’s participation in the functioning of the regional segment of the unified federal system of scientific and methodological support of teaching staff and management personnel. The authors have developed and described projects that allow the university to participate in the new ways of development of the functioning of the regional segment of the unified federal system of scientific and methodological support of teaching staff and management personnel.

The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical and practical foundations for preparing a teacher for productive interaction with a substitute family in a difficult pedagogical situation. Data on the teacher’s readiness to work with a substitute family were obtained, areas of deficiency in vocational training were identified. It has been established that it is advisable to implement short-term full-time courses for teachers, within which the peculiarities of the life of the substitute family are studied, technologies for diagnosing the substitute family, organization and maintenance of psychological and pedagogical support of substitute families are mastered.

The relevance of the topic is motivated by the need to embody a common basis in the interaction of subjects of one’s own and other cultures for solving moral problems. The author addresses the problem of students’ involvement in virtue. The paper provides evidence that education makes a person involved in the virtues of truth, justice, etc. It is revealed that one of the first to talk about the person’s involvement in the virtues of justice, truth, shame was Protagoras. Plato speaks of the involvement of the just into justice. Aristotle shifted the focus of the problem: the most important question was not about the All as uniting all types of human virtues, but about the general as uniting people around virtues. It is shown that this general is traditional virtues. The essence of the teacher’s and students’ involvement in virtue is revealed.

The relevance is justified by the fact that the purpose of the study is to identify the level of productivity of subjects of education in the professional, educational and scientific environment of the university, the development and justification of the psychological and pedagogical foundations of productive activity of subjects of education has been achieved. The hypothesis is proved that the productive activity of the subjects of education will be effective if: the levels of productive interaction of the teacher with students are revealed, which represent the possibility of modeling the success of joint creative and self-creative activity on the basis of productivity in the educational environment. Sample: 3440 people, including 290 teachers of higher education and 3150 students of psychological and pedagogical, economic, information technology, service, technical, agricultural specialties, as well as specialties in physical culture and sports (18–60 years) for the period 2001–2022. Results: for all the studied indicators of interaction in the classroom, the average level of productivity was revealed. The exception are the two indicated indicators of productive interaction in the scientific environment of the university, developed at a low level of productivity. Therefore, the development of scientific schools in a professional environment is an important factor that ensures the productivity of interaction between subjects of education. Conclusions: Professional and educational indicators of teachers’ behavior culture and indicators of interaction of educational subjects in the classroom are developed and manifest themselves at an average level of productivity according to methods 1 and 2. According to method 3, it was found that two indicators of productive interaction in the scientific environment of the university are developed at a low level of productivity, and the remaining indicators are at an average level. Therefore, the development of scientific schools in a professional environment is an important factor that ensures the productivity of interaction between subjects of education.

The article shows the role of the communicative labeling of “friend” and “stranger”, which allows a person to identify himself with one ethnic community and reject another ethnic community. It is proved that the interaction of representatives of different ethnic groups is regulated by the social order and, under destructive conditions, can turn into open confrontation. The characteristics of various types of cyber aggression as sources of remote aggressive persecution of representatives of other ethnic groups are given. The development of intercultural communications among young people is considered as a resource for preventing and overcoming interethnic conflicts. It is proved that the formed intercultural competencies contribute to constructive interactions between representatives of different ethnic groups.

The article provides an overview of modern research on the subject of the correlation between the categories of social and professional identity of the individual — a topical problem in domestic and foreign psychology. Key areas of research into the phenomenon of social identity are defined. The analysis identifies the category of professional identity as one of the basic elements of the social identity of the individual. Prospective directions for further study of the phenomenon are reflected.

The article examines the principle of social responsibility in the context of the position of an educational institution in relation to the problem of family conflicts. Starting from the position of D. A. Novikov on the general principles of the effective management of educational systems, the analysis of the principle of formation of social responsibility is made. The presentation of the problem is given in the context of a comparative analysis of the goals of the Central state programs for the development of education on 2013–2020 and 2018–2025 years.

A higher than average degree of peculiarities in the educational and professional activity of students at the initial stage of vocational training and a propensity for an active lifestyle in the process of professional training were revealed. The average indicator of educational and professional propensity to act rather than think has been determined. A high correlation has been established between the characteristics of educational and professional activity, the propensity for an active lifestyle in the process of professional training and the general indicator of educational and professional activity of students.