The first part of the article contains a brief historical background about the main directions of temperament research conducted by foreign and domestic scientists. Particular attention is paid to the methodological principles of modern experimental studies of temperament, formulated by V. D. Nebylitsyn back in the 60s of the last century. In connection with the emergence during this time of new technologies for the experimental study of the properties of the central nervous system as the basic basis of temperament, a new experimental technique is proposed in the work, which is based on the hypothesis of the correlation of some properties of the summary skin potential with the main characteristics of temperament types. The second part of the article, which will appear in the next issue of the journal, will present the first results of an experiment using summary skin potential as an indicator that correlates with at least some types of temperament.

The article reveals the moral and aesthetic aspects of the pedagogical potential of Russian literature and their influence on the formation among cadets of military universities of a sense of belonging to the greatest mission of the Russian army, which is to liberate peoples from resurgent neo-fascism and nationalism. The heroic images and examples of courage and perseverance of the Russian soldier reflected in literature instill in future officers pride in belonging to the great Fatherland.

In this article, the authors discuss the relevance of the views of the great scientist and teacher K. D. Ushinsky in our days, since the modern realities of the digitalization of society exacerbate the issue of the cultural essence and the formation of the personality of a young person. It is in the art classes in additional education, according to the authors, that the resources of folk pedagogy according to Ushinsky are applicable. Among the main directions are offered: education of youth in accordance with the national system of values and a personality-oriented approach to classes to achieve the creative development of students. As an example, the content of classes in the vocal studio of a typical institution of secondary vocational education is analyzed.

The article deals with the problem of the formation of the moral potential of students in educational organizations. Conceptual and theoretical statements about the essence and content of the moral potential of students are formulated. Sociological data on the research problem are given.

The article discusses the issues of instilling a sense of belonging to the Motherland among military personnel performing professional tasks outside the Russian Federation by socio-cultural means, reveals the features of the implementation in the education of military personnel of visual and artistic design of military camps, the educational process, as well as pedagogical conditions for increasing the effectiveness of this process.

The article is devoted to the description of the realization of the educational potential of the pedagogical block of practical tasks. The authors emphasize that it is the content of the pedagogical block of practice assignments that contributes to solving the tasks of education and the formation of significant personal qualities of a student.

The paper presents a theoretical analysis of crisis and transformational processes in the development of the family, which caused the formation of new forms of it with changed value relations to matrimony, parenthood and kinship. Two interrelated trends are shown, one of which is the liberalization of marital relations, which complicate the transmission of family values to children due to the fragility and high probability of their disintegration; the competition of parenting values with the desire for self-realization and the desire for professional achievements; the erosion of kinship values in nuclear families. The second trend captures the preservation of family values for modern youth, which is confirmed by empirical research. The statement is substantiated that the family, as the main translator of family values, “competes” with other agents of socialization — the media and social networks.

Ideas about the content of innovation potential and its structure are considered. Research works of the resource basis of the innovative potential of the individual and the innovative potential of the team in different organizational cultures are presented. It is shown that the innovative potential of the team has an indirect relationship with organizational commitment, and this relationship is mediated by the characteristics of the organizational culture. It is concluded that in organizations with an innovative organizational culture, conditions are created for the manifestation of organizational commitment as a desire to participate in organizational transformations, which stimulates the innovative potential of the team and the individual.

The use of case technology in conducting a comprehensive intermodule examination in the master’s program allows, on the one hand, to check systematically the achievement of educational results in several disciplines of the master’s program through the performance of practical tasks, and on the other hand, to increase the motivation of students for group interaction and independent research work during the examination task. Such effects can be achieved by using a step-by-step algorithm for preparing and conducting a comprehensive exam using practice-oriented cases, which was proved during the study. 54 first-year students of the master’s program of the Moscow City Pedagogical University “Development of personal potential in education: personalization and digitalization” participated in the experiment. A small questionnaire containing closed and open-ended questions was used as a feedback tool. To analyze the results, graphical visualization methods were used and a qualitative analysis of the detailed responses of students was carried out. In the course of the experimental study, the effectiveness of the use of management cases for creating a personality-developing educational environment, taken from the real practice of implementing the program of the Charitable Foundation “Contribution to the Future” for the development of personal potential, was revealed. The results obtained can be widely used not only in the implementation of a specific master’s program, but also in general can enrich the educational practice of pedagogical universities.

The article reveals the importance of motivational component in preparing competitive teachers in an ever-changing world and focuses on the future teacher’s motivation to develop multipotential abilities at different stages of his/her higher education. The in-depth interviews conducted among 1st–4th year students of the Institute of Psychology and Education of Kazan Federal University revealed the most important groups of students’ motives for the development of multipotential abilities, as well as the differences between the motives of first and last year students. This fact indicates that student teachers’ motivation changes throughout the period of their study at the university. This paper contributes to the research on the development of multipotential abilities of future teachers in the system of higher education by providing new data on the motives that motivate students to participate in various activities during their study to acquire new skills and competencies.

The article discusses the problematic situation of the development of education in the knowledge space of modern society in the context of global transformations taking place in it, knowledge as a social life phenomenon, as a construct of the process of forming a person as an active subject. The importance of taking into account the peculiarities of the connection between the knowledge potential and the development of education, in this case, the development of modern education, is highlighted.

The article deals with the problem of education as a condition for the social development of a person in two (conditionally) forms of its implementation — objectively set in practical activities, in the space of his life experience, acquired in the social environment, and subjectively purposefully formed on the basis of specially developed scientific programs.

The article examines the main factors of the inclusion of excursions in the educational process of educational institutions of the Russian Empire at the end of the XIX century. The formation of excursions as a form of organization of cognitive activity of students is traced. A connection is being made between the development of the excursion business and the scientific and technical revolution in the country. The idea of borrowing Western pedagogical experience of using the didactic potential of student excursions is substantiated. The contribution of scientific societies, circles, and clubs to the popularization of student excursions is emphasized. All types of excursions with students have been identified. Considerable attention is paid to the successful implementation of excursions in higher education. The author comes to the conclusion that in the second half of the XIX century. in most educational institutions of the country, excursions were fully reflected in the curricula, had a solid methodological base, contributed to the expansion of the scientific horizons of students, carried important educational and educational significance.

The article proposes an approach to adult education in the correctional system. It highlights the necessity of conducting psychological assessments of inmates based on advanced methodologies. Secondly, it suggests developing personalized trajectories for comprehensive rehabilitation within the prison’s educational framework, using the results of the research conducted in the unified educational space.

The article presents the results of research on the problem of reflecting the cultural code of an ethnic group in cultural texts. In particular, examples are given from the fund of Adyghe proverbs and sayings containing the meanings of the basic moral and ethical values of the Circassians, their attitude to work, homeland, friendship, family, woman, man, etc. In addition, the article contains the results of a blitz survey of students of the Adyghe State University, demonstrating the degree of their awareness of the content of folk proverbs and sayings and use in colloquial speech. It is concluded that the moral and educational potential of paremias is not sufficiently used in the process of cultural socialization of children and adolescents.

A new educational paradigm in the context of socioal and cultural transformations and challenges of the modern information society determines the updated guidelines for the goals of the modern system of higher education. The positions of the development of the personal potential of the student are updated; centering on the student’s personality as a subject of selfdetermination, self-development, self-realization; mobile, capable of presenting uniqueness, success in the new changing conditions and requirements of society and the labor market from the standpoint of existing indicators of knowledge, skills, resources for productive action and opportunities for development. Solving the problem of understanding the use of the possibilities of the educational space of the university to form the image of a future specialist has become the main task of the study.

The article reveals the pedagogical potential of poster art in the education of military personnel. The relevance of posters at the present time is substantiated. It has been determined that the priority area for the use of posters is educational work with military personnel in a military team. It was revealed that the use of posters is aimed at the implementation of the tasks of manifestation and consolidation of a worldview position, the education of patriotism, the formation and development of personal and collective responsibility, the development of professional, personal and moral qualities that are important for a soldier, the development of creative abilities, the aesthetic perception of the surrounding reality, the establishment of a close harmonic ratio between the knowledge, skills and orientation of the personality of servicemen. It is concluded that the pedagogical potential of poster art in the education of military personnel has a dual focus: on the part of the officers on the personnel (designing and creating posters as part of educational work) and on the part of the personnel on themselves (in the process of performing their own artistic and creative activities).

The article is devoted to the organization of independent creative activity of cadets in order to form cognitive potential. The article describes the organizational conditions for activating the research potential of cadets and the conditions for their implementation. The forms of independent research activity of cadets are considered: creation of a portfolio, participation in thematic Olympiads, preparation of scientific reports and essays, etc. The ways of development of the cadets’ scientific worldview are indicated.

The article presents the actual problem of studying the career self-determination of a proactive personality. The problem of proactive career building is revealed in modern scientific domestic and foreign studies through such basic psychological concepts as potential, strategy, orientation, skills. The personal and organizational determinants of the implementation of a proactive career are analyzed. In this study, the universal characteristics of career proactivity are highlighted, and it is also shown that the system-forming property of career activity in the VUC environment is proactivity as an integral property of personality. In the paradigm of the system approach, the authors proposed a proactive career model for the VC environment, which includes three main components: value-motivational, strategic and competence. The integral nature of proactivity ensures relationship between these components of the career activity system, penetrating and filling each of them with content.

The article discusses the educational potential of the educational subject “Basics of life safety” and the problems of its implementation. The reasons preventing the formation of a culture of life safety of students in the lessons “Basics of life safety” are indicated.