The article provides a historical analysis of the formation of the Armenian army, with the formation of Armenians as a people. The activities of well-known historical political and military figures, spiritual mentors in patriotic education, morale-combat training and the formation of troops are presented. The philosophical and ideological principles developed simultaneously with the development of military art, which were set out in the “Regulations of the code of honor of the Armenian military of the 4th-5th centuries”, are revealed.

The culture of communication is a complex system, described by the categories of physiology, pedagogy, psychology, it is analyzed in a historical and interdisciplinary, as well as business context.

The article gives an idea of the genesis of the formation of the ideology and scientific foundations of the state family policy as an independent scientific branch in the 1990s. The author analyzes the stages of the formation of its current paradigm, the inertial factors that hindered its implementation. The author’s concept of family policy, methodological approaches to the development of its strategy, subject, principles, implementation mechanisms, and legal foundations are presented.

In the article, the authors consider the current trends in the organization of educational practice in the context of the competence-oriented paradigm of education. The authors emphasize that educational practice should be part of continuous practice in the preparation of students in the field of Pedagogical education. In conclusion, practical examples of the implementation of the proposed principles in the context of a competence-oriented paradigm of education are considered.

The article discusses pedagogical ideas of N. F. Sumtsov in practical activities of secondary and lower educational institutions of the Russian Empire at the end of the XIX century. The main content of the study is the analysis of N. F. Sumtsov’s pedagogical ideas for improving the education process in general, and in particular, it is about the competent choice of effective ways and methods of teaching, the rational ratio of mental, physical, aesthetic education of students for their comprehensive harmonious development. The contribution of the teacher to the development of librarianship in the Russian Empire is emphasized, the result of his initiative to open libraries for students in every educational institution of the Russian Empire is described. The article analyzes N. F. Sumtsov’s approach to the consideration of didactic principles and their importance in teaching students of secondary and lower educational institutions of the Russian Empire in the period under study. Considerable attention is paid to the successful implementation of N. F. Sumtsov’s progressive pedagogical ideas in the practice of the Pushkin School. N. F. Sumtsov’s position in relation to the teacher as the main standard of knowledge deserves special attention. The author comes to the conclusion that the rich pedagogical heritage of N. F. Sumtsov can be reconsidered by modern teachers and used in the modern educational process in primary and secondary schools.

The article discusses promising areas of the university’s participation in the functioning of the regional segment of the unified federal system of scientific and methodological support of teaching staff and management personnel. The authors have developed and described projects that allow the university to participate in the new ways of development of the functioning of the regional segment of the unified federal system of scientific and methodological support of teaching staff and management personnel.

Considering the historical aspect of vocational and pedagogical education in the context of training in the working profession of students, the direct relationship of the master (mentor) with the system of industrial training is traced. The study of mentoring issues is reflected in the works of S. Y. Batyshev, G. K. Selevko, V. A. Skakun, M. N. Skatkin, N. M. Talanchuk, etc., where professional training is considered from the standpoint of methodological foundations in production conditions. In the article, the greatest attention is directed to the consideration of issues related to the principles of the organization of industrial training in the system of vocational pedagogical education, scientifically and methodologically grounded in the research of G. M. Romantsev and his scientific school. Each principle is described from the perspective of mentoring activities, which became the basis for the development of components of a descriptive model for the training of a master mentor in a working profession.

The article is devoted to the presentation of the principles of the communicative aspect of professional education of the modern generation of students at a pedagogical university. The author sets out in detail the social concept of the modern generation of students and highlights the distinctive features of this group, demonstrating the problems of interpersonal communication that negatively affect the professional competence of future teachers. The author reveals the following principles of the communicative aspect of professional education of students of a pedagogical university: humanistic, facilitative, the principle of creative activity, aesthetic, the principle of periodicity, the principle of development of social activity, the principle of consistency, the principle of democratic transformation, systematicity and consistency, the principle of integrated influence, the principle of differentiation and personal individualization verbal and non-verbal aestheticization of the educational institution.

Career guidance for schoolchildren today is one of the priority tasks not only in the educational, but also in the economic sphere, since the well-being of our country depends on the right choice of profession by the younger generation. That is why, from September 1, 2023, a vocational guidance minimum is introduced in all schools in Russia, one of the areas of which is additional education. In organizations of additional education, it is necessary to create a developing environment with career guidance potential, since the environmental approach to personality formation has always been one of the most popular in pedagogy. The article introduces the concept of a developing vocational guidance environment for the organization of additional education, the principles of its creation, the main components and technology for creating a developing environment, including motivational, theoretical, heuristic, modeling, corrective stages and the stage of functioning of the environment model. The article will be useful for managers and teachers of organizations of additional education.

The article defines the features of the content and implementation of educational activities in the direction of training 44.04.03 Special (defectological) education under the master’s program “Actual aspects of theoretical and applied speech therapy”. Modern trends in the development of speech therapy as a science and requirements for graduates of the master’s degree are revealed. The authors explain the logic and specifics of the disciplines chosen for study, which maximally reflect the forcing of professional competencies, their specifics are revealed, examples of lectures and practical classes are given.

The article examines the role of the subject in the development of culture, the principles and mechanisms of his cultural activity, analyzes the problem of the content of the cultural potential of a student as a subject of culture, substantiates that the basis of intercultural differences is the difference in the methods of meaning formation, construction of semantic configurations. The cultural potential of the subject includes the results of his semantic activity, fixed in a certain sign system, which serve as a condition for the further reproduction and development of culture. Cultural potential is a resource that allows a subject to carry out cultural activities, to ensure the survival and development of both himself and society as a whole.

The article discusses facilitation as an effective method of increasing the productivity of group work at the university. The contribution of the facilitator to the process of finding and making the right decision by the group is emphasized. The article presents and discusses in detail the main qualities necessary for a facilitator teacher to work with a group of students. The author of the article emphasizes the interdisciplinarity of facilitation, its relevance in other areas. A deep analysis is given of the schemes for the implementation of the main types of facilitation — basic facilitation and group facilitation. Special attention is paid to the components of the group facilitation process. The author gives a generalized description of the main formats of group discussion. The study presents the most popular author’s facilitation methods in the educational process of higher education. The leading facilitative principles are clarified. The author comes to the conclusion about the undoubted importance of facilitation in the process of organizing productive group work at the university.

Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ № 20-013-00654-а. В статье рассмотрен педагогический опыт формирования профессиональных компетенций у студентов для общения с лицами, имеющими сложные нарушения развития, представлен портрет современного учителя-логопеда, показатели, которые характеризуют профессионализм специалиста, раскрыты подходы к воспитанию и технологиям обучения студентов, анонсированы трендовые индикаторы и их функции в обучении студентов.