The article presents the results of an all-Russian study of civic-patriotic values in a modern school. The psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of patriotic and civic values have been analyzed. In order to find the factors that determine this situation, an analysis of the patriotic values of schoolchildren was carried out, including the following sections: objects of identification; image of the Motherland; life goals and patriotic values; life position and socially significant activity; preferences and plans.

Special creative abilities of a child which are the result of continuous work of parents, educators and teachers are considered. The formation of mental functions and mental operations give preschoolers the opportunity for successful studying at school.

The article is devoted to the problem of positive socialization of older preschoolers. Taking into account the materials of the theoretical analysis of literature and the state of the problem in practice, the relevance of the search for effective methods of positive socialization of children is substantiated. The authors reveal approaches to the use of educational situations in the positive socialization of older preschoolers. The article presents some results of experimental work on the construction of educational situations and their use in the holistic educational process of older preschoolers. In conclusion, the authors draw attention to the need to implement a systematic approach in the design and use of educational situations in the educational process of older preschoolers.

The article deals with the issue of the relationship between the learning and educating younger school children. It outlines one of the possible ways to solve the problem to implement a cultural approach into the process of Russian language teaching. It represents the main principles, methods, techniques and tools that implement the named approach. The author has described the stages of the pedagogical experiment and given some examples of text-based exercises aimed at forming a positive and emotionally colored relation to knowledge of the culture and traditions of the Russian people and expansion of historical and cultural knowledge among school children.

In this study we test one of the key assumptions of the analysis of wrong answers on the Standard Progressive Matrices test approach — the assumption that “behind the correct answer lies the application of the correct principle for solving particular problem”. This popular alternative approach to psychometric studies of intelligence is based on assumptions that have not been empirically tested. After applying thematic analysis to the transcripts of interview-conversations with 9 and 11 year olds, who solved test tasks out loud, we were able to refute this assumption. We were able to claster identified explanations for the correct answers into several groups, which include both the application of the correct principle, as well as a series of incorrect ones — for example, creating a collection or visually complementing a pattern.

The study of the psychological state of a modern transitive society requires clarification of the attitude to the uncertainty of students. The study determined the severity of a number of aspects of the attitude to uncertainty: tolerance and intolerance to uncertainty, risk-taking, dispositional optimism (in relation to the future) and satisfaction with life in the present. It was attended by teenagers studying in the 8th grade (14 years old, 80 people), high school students graduating from the 11th grade (17 years old, 80 people), students studying at the 2–3 courses of the university (20 years old, 77 people). The scales of tolerance and intolerance to uncertainty of S. Budner’s questionnaire, the scale of risk acceptance of D. A. Leontiev’s Test, the Test of dispositional optimism of M. Scheier, C. Carver and M. Bridges, the Scale of life satisfaction of E. Diner. It is shown that tolerance and intolerance to uncertainty in students of different ages and at different levels of education are expressed in almost equal (average) degree. The strongest link in a positive attitude to uncertainty is risk-taking, the weakest is dispositional optimism. The highest indicators of attitude to uncertainty were recorded among students.

The article presents the results of All-Russian studies on the formation and development of civil-patriotic values in modern Russian school, and the psychological and pedagogical conditions of their formation are analyzed. The search for new approaches to solving actual theoretical and practical problems of civil and patriotic education of schoolchildren has been carried out. Effective and promising ways of improving patriotic education in general education organizations have been identified, and the importance of online information resources in the process of educating teenagers in the context of digitalization of education has been updated.

The article presents an analytical review of modern domestic and foreign studies on the problem of interaction between intellectually gifted children and their teachers in the school education context. The negative impact of stereotyping teachers’ ideas about the emotional-personal and social characteristics of gifted children is shown not only on the identification and realization of their potential, but on the development of personality. The key role of the teacher’s personal and professional development in organizing and regulating the interaction of participants in the educational process in the classroom is substantiated on the basis of scientific knowledge and concepts.

The problem of revealing creative giftedness is considered in the context of the problem of training and professional realization of a teacher. The importance and interconnection of two processes is emphasized: the disclosure of the student’s creative gifts and the process of selfdevelopment of the teacher’s creative abilities.

The article discusses the general and specific features of the formation of spatial representations in older preschoolers with mental retardation and older preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment. Spatial representations play an important role in cognitive activity and serve as the foundation for building an individual’s inner world, the psychological basis for successful schooling. The results of the study revealed the general and specific features of the formation of ideas about space in older preschoolers with developmental disorders of two nosological groups.

Therefore, it is very important for a teacher to start correctional education of children in time at the third stage of medical rehabilitation. In recent years, there has been an increase in the degree of radicality of operations in neuro-oncology, a tendency to maximize the removal of brain tumors of any localization in children of all ages. Due to the fact that in recent years there has been an increase in the degree of radicalization of operations in neuro-oncology, there is a tendency towards maximum removal of brain tumors of any location in children of all ages. Therefore, it is very important for the teacher to begin corrective education of children in time at the third stage of medical rehabilitation.

The article discusses the results of a study of financial literacy of junior schoolchildren in the context of digital security. The levels of directions for ensuring the financial security of younger schoolchildren are identified: conceptual (strategic planning documents, exponential growth of risks and threats in the digital environment, digital socialization of the younger generation, financial security in educational and methodological complexes for primary schools, a request for increased awareness in the field of financial security in the environment the younger generation and the parent community), content-based (digital platforms, information storage infrastructure, e-commerce financial services, illegal access, illegal data acquisition, data corruption, spam and related threats, extortion, computer fraud, identity theft, misuse of devices, etc.), technological (comprehensive updating of the directions of the educational process, personality-oriented humanistic subject interactions based on the case method), procedural (means).

The article describes the results of an experimental study aimed at developing the communicative competencies of senior schoolchildren in the context of project activities. It is shown that the content characteristics of communicative competencies have an insufficient level of development among high school students. Organized influence in the form of implementing a program for the formation of communicative competencies in the context of project activities helps to increase the ability for self-regulation, in particular, such parameters as planning, flexibility and evaluation of results. Based on the results, a conclusion is made about the possibility of developing the communicative competencies of senior schoolchildren through project activities. The effectiveness of the stage-by-stage and systematic use of the project work method for the formation of communicative competencies of high school students is substantiated.

Тhe article discusses the features of the formation of the prosodic side of speech in preschoolers with dysarthria — this problem is the most urgent at present, its solution will increase the level of speech development of preschoolers and actively engage in the process of communication with peers and adults. This helps to organize an effective creative educational and educational space based on inclusive education, in the field of integration activities, for the following specialists: teachers, educators, speech therapists.

Interaction between anxiety level and specific motivation of senior schoolchildren is considered in the article. The reasons for school anxiety emergence are analyzed: social atmosphere at home and in class, expectation from parents and teachers, fear of low grades. Learning motivation, aspiration for success may decrease because of anxiety which leads to school success deterioration.

The article discusses the features оf schооl anxiety in yоunger schооlchildren with ASD, visual and hearing impairments in the educatiоnal prоcess. The relevance оf the study is determined by the fact that it is much mоre difficult fоr children with disabilities tо adapt tо schооl than fоr children in the nоrm grоup. Fоr them, it is necessary tо draw up individual training prоgrams, which shоuld be based оn empirical studies оf the characteristics оf children with different grоups оf diseases, which are nоt sufficient tоday. As a result оf the study, we identified a trend reflecting the existence оf differences in indicatоrs оf schооl anxiety between primary schооlchildren with ASD, with hearing and visual impairments. Experiencing sоcial stress, lоw resistance tо stress at the physiоlоgical level, and difficulties in relatiоnships with оther peоple are mоst prоnоunced in first-graders with ASD cоmpared tо first-graders with hearing and visual impairments. Fear оf testing knоwledge and self-expressiоn is mоst prоnоunced amоng first-graders with visual impairments cоmpared tо first-graders with ASD оr hearing impairments. Frоm the results оbtained, it can be assumed that children with disabilities need a differential apprоach tо adaptatiоn, taking intо accоunt the nоsоlоgy оf the disоrder.

The article deals with the problem associated with the formation of the foundations of the culture of interethnic relations among schoolchildren. The phenomenon of general and special is presented in the context of the culture of peoples of joint and adjacent residence, united by interethnic spiritual closeness in connection with a single place of development, feeding landscape, complementarity. The factors, pedagogical conditions of the process of studying the general and the special, which contribute to the knowledge and understanding of the culture of the peoples of Russia and the world, the formation, preservation and development of stable good-neighborly relations with representatives of neighboring states, are substantiated.