The article describes the results of studying the attitude of various target groups to inclusive education in preschool educational organizations. During the survey, the lack of formation of a number of professional competencies among teachers and the lack of a value understanding of inclusion in their personal sphere were revealed. The study showed the importance of purposeful work with teachers in the direction of developing their professional consciousness and professional positions in the inclusive education of children with disabilities of preschool age

It is demonstrated that culture is among other things an environment and an instrument of forming relations among people as well as forming people’s relations to various aspects of the world around us. With pandemic restrictions and widening the use of distant education cultural influence is comparable to the influence of education proper as part of culture. The situation is aggravated by the contradictions which the author tentatively calls those of content and those of technology. Strengthening the humanitarian component of education content at all levels is an important alleviating factor.

A theoretical analysis of the sources in which the question of the formation of national culture in Russia is raised is carried out. It is concluded that Russian culture is a consolidating factor in the conditions of multicultural interaction. The concepts of “value orientations” and “value attitude” are considered and their hierarchy is determined. The role of the cultural and historical context in the process of introducing preschool children to national culture is emphasized. The emphasis is placed on the connection of interest and the formation of a value attitude to national culture. The ways of forming a value attitude to national culture in older preschool children are considered.

Features of the self-attitude of student youth have been identified: self-acceptance and perception as authoritative, sociable and energetic, sympathy and acceptance of students by others as sociable and serious; a level above the average psychological profile of the value of oneself and the love of the world; average level of selfishness; below average psychological profile of a good servant but a bad master; low level of psychological profile of detachment with distrust. The following were established: a noticeable connection between the psychological profile of the value of oneself and the love of the world and the perception of students around them as sociable and serious, and the students’ perception of themselves as authoritative, sociable and energetic, and self-love.

In the first part of the article, the theoretical justification of the research problem is presented, the typology of barriers in communication is analyzed, the specifics of emotional and psychological barriers affecting the effectiveness of communicative activity and selfattitude of adolescents are revealed. Considering egocentrism as a special personal formation that determines the self-consciousness of a teenager, the need to study characteristics of the components of self-attitude, the level of egocentrism and the subjective internal state of tension in communication — a psychological barrier in communication is justified. The second part of the article will present the results of an empirical study.

The article presents the results of a study of self-attitude, manifestations of personal egocentrism and their connection with the emotional and psychological barriers of communication among adolescents. Based on empirical studies, conclusions have been drawn about the direct positive relationship of the indicator of global self-attitude with the attitude towards others, other multiple bilateral positive relationships have been established, as well as a negative significant relationship between the indicator of the presence of emotional barriers in communication with global self-attitude, autosympathy, self-acceptance and selfunderstanding.

The paper considers the attitude to culture as an operationalization of the culture of relations and taking into account the holographic correlation of personal and general culture. Particular attention is paid to subject relations and their features. Some crisis phenomena in the development of modern culture and society and their internal contradictions are noted. The situation of a change in the general attitude to culture that has occurred over the past century, which has given rise to mass culture and a “one-dimensional person” consuming it, is stated, which is proposed to be designated as a cultural transition. Cultural transition can be seen as a concretization of the theory of cultural lag in modern conditions. The possible consequences of the cultural transition for the development of society in a situation of civilizational breakdown are discussed.

The study of the psychological state of a modern transitive society requires clarification of the attitude to the uncertainty of students. The study determined the severity of a number of aspects of the attitude to uncertainty: tolerance and intolerance to uncertainty, risk-taking, dispositional optimism (in relation to the future) and satisfaction with life in the present. It was attended by teenagers studying in the 8th grade (14 years old, 80 people), high school students graduating from the 11th grade (17 years old, 80 people), students studying at the 2–3 courses of the university (20 years old, 77 people). The scales of tolerance and intolerance to uncertainty of S. Budner’s questionnaire, the scale of risk acceptance of D. A. Leontiev’s Test, the Test of dispositional optimism of M. Scheier, C. Carver and M. Bridges, the Scale of life satisfaction of E. Diner. It is shown that tolerance and intolerance to uncertainty in students of different ages and at different levels of education are expressed in almost equal (average) degree. The strongest link in a positive attitude to uncertainty is risk-taking, the weakest is dispositional optimism. The highest indicators of attitude to uncertainty were recorded among students.

The success of student learning at university depends on the psychological well-being of students, the concept of which has not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the work was to study the relationship between psychological factors of well-being of 1–2 year university students based on the use of tests: Psychological Well-Being Scale by C. Ryff; Test of life-meaning orientations; Vitality test; Tolerance of Uncertainty Questionnaire. Significant relationships between testing indicators were established: between the personal well-being of students and the factors of life-meaning orientation, resilience, control, presence of life goals and meaningfulness. Students with high well-being showed greater resilience and a positive attitude towards others and themselves, and had a positive attitude towards completing difficult tasks. a new approach to considering psychological well-being in the form of a benevolent attitude in life is proposed.

The article substantiates the determination of creativity as a culture-creating activity by the intellectual and personal activity of its subject. The contradictory self-realization of talent is expressed in the dynamics of his experiences and reflexive self-attitude, which are mediated by a system of sociocultural interactions as a space for personal development and professional growth of the subject in concrete historical conditions. These patterns are investigated in the scientific plan by means of a meaningful and semantic analysis of creativity based on the material of the life of the psychophysiologist-encyclopedist N. Ya. Perna. He developed an original method of reflexive psychological study of the psychobiography of the life path and productivity of the activities of outstanding talents. This was summarized by him in the fundamental concept of the rhythmology of life creation, an innovative contribution to the

The article analyzes the interaction of the concepts of “aesthetic values” and “ethnocultural identity”. The primacy in human life of an “aesthetic attitude” to nature, to oneself is shown on the example of the development of preferences and musical tastes of student youth - representatives of different ethnic groups. The use of a set of evaluation author’s scales of musical perception made it possible to establish that the aesthetic preferences and evaluation of musical works by students, representatives of various ethnic groups do not always depend on the ethnic coloring of music. At the same time, the presence of a system of aesthetic values is a stimulus for the formation of a person’s ethnocultural identity.

The article substantiates the need to identify the moral foundations of the professional activities of an employee of the penitentiary system (penal system) in the context of the problem of spiritual renewal of society. The importance of non-institutional regulators of relations between people, which are morality and morality, is argued in the implementation of a valuable attitude towards a person by an employee of the penitentiary system. It is substantiated that moral values as personal meanings, as meanings, as relationships form the moral foundations of the activity of a penitentiary officer. The role of moral values as the moral foundations of the activities of a penitentiary officer in expanding the content of professional training of cadets of a departmental higher education institution of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in terms of shaping the personality of a cadet who is able and ready to realize a value attitude towards another person both in professional activities and in life as a whole is revealed.

The article deals with the problem of non-random self-organization and the result of the technological organization of work with textually expressed information in the conditions of an escalating global civilizational crisis.

The article presents the results of an empirical study conducted in a military and humanitarian higher education institution. The study involved 40 young male cadets and 40 young male students. The projective technique “Image of the World”, a variant of the essay was used. It is shown that the image of the world in young men has different emotional coloring. Among cadets there are no young men with a negative attitude to the world; by the end of the university ambivalent attitude to the world is lost. The attitude to the world of humanities students is complex throughout the entire period of study: about half of them have a positive attitude to the world, the rest have ambivalent and negative attitudes to the world.

The article examines two types of depersonalization in modern society and their connection with the problem of relationships. The tendency of self-removal or “face erasure” is shown through the prism of the concept of trace in modern French philosophy and the transformation of the representation of one’s own face in modern culture. The tendency of depersonalization of the other is presented in the light of the features of modern society as an illusory communicative society or, in the terminology of J. Baudrillard, the no-answer society. From the point of view of the two presented trends, the state of the modern culture of relations in the educational sphere is analyzed and a conclusion is made about the general trend of (de)personification and the need to return to understanding the relationship as a specifically human category associated with the concepts of person, connection and communication.

The article deals with two main topics: what is the attitude towards man and the world, and how it has changed in the history of culture. The author singles out three components in the category of relation - essence, correlation and distinction of members of the relation. The whole, in which changes in relations can be traced, is given by the concepts of “culture” and “personality”. Situations of changing attitudes towards man and the world in European culture are analyzed: the understanding of the soul by Plato and Aristotle; correlation of man and God in the work of St. Augustine and the letters of Heloise and Abelard; freedom and necessity as the poles of Kant’s new European attitude to man; the crisis of the new European attitude to man and the world (Nietzsche and Bibler); deconstruction of the new European attitude to man and the world in the works of Zygmunt Bauman. It is concluded that at present, characterized by a double transition (the crisis of modernity and the formation of “future culture”), the attitude towards the world and man becomes uncertain and deconstructed.

The aim of the study was to study the existing practices of the formation of territorial identity in the framework of the educational process of a rural school. The purpose of psychological diagnostics was to study the social adaptation, activity, autonomy, moral education of students, the level of formation of their self-concept (self-attitude) and territorial identity. The study was conducted during 2022 on the basis of rural schools in five regions of the Russian Federation: Tambov, Sverdlovsk, Irkutsk, Saratov regions and the Krasnodar Territory. Students of 8–10th grades of rural schools in the amount of 771 people took part in psychological testing, of which 340 people were 8th graders, 330 people were 9th graders, 101 people were 10th graders. Distribution by gender: girls — 408 people, boys — 363 people. The results are presented that characterize students of rural schools in terms of such indicators as socialization, self-concept (self-attitude), territorial identity. The result of the analysis of existing practices of formation of territorial identity within the framework of the educational process of a rural school showed the need to develop pedagogical mechanisms for the process of formation of territorial identity.

The article is devoted to determining the characteristics of the components of a person’s value attitude in the structure of health. The analysis of the emotional component of the students’ value attitude to their health is carried out. As a diagnostic tool, the following were used: R.A. Berezovskaya’s questionnaire “Attitude to health”, the test “Index of attitude to health” S. D. Deryabo, V. A. Yasvina. It was revealed that students of different forms of education have different indicators of the emotional component of the value attitude to their health.

The article suggests that the basis of artistic giftedness, its main predictor is the presence of the individual artistic world of the creator of the work of art, which he carries in himself as an internal form of his creations, in which it materializes in the form of an external one. This artistic world is an expression of the integrity of artistic thinking and its realization, content and form. The art world is not a frozen education, but a dynamic one. Its changes are associated with many factors: with the place of residence, lifestyle, worldview and world-feeling, education, “school”, work, events — historical, social, personal life. In the article, the author proposes the systematization of the author’s artistic worlds: 1) according to the level of reality prevailing in the creative work of the creator; 2) according to the figurative composition; 3) according to the degree of proximity to the realities of life.