The purpose of the study described in the article is to determine the anthropological components that affect the quality of higher education. In the course of the study, a series of pedagogical experiments were organized in universities of medical, engineering, pedagogical profiles on the degree of manifestation of anthropological components in the classroom. The results of the study show that not only digital, but also traditional learning should be organized taking into account anthropological components (personal, empathic, reflective, cognitive, interactive, integrative, attractive, synergistic): only a person can educate a person, form a personality.

В статье представлено исследование понятия и сущности толерантности и этнической идентичности. Рассмотрены различные определения феноменов толерантности и этнической идентичности. Раскрыты условия развития толерантности и основные этапы формирования толерантного отношения. Проанализирована взаимосвязь толерантности и этнической идентичности, а также взаимосвязь этнической толерантности и компонентов этнической идентичности. Результаты нашего исследования позволили выявить взаимосвязь между уровнем толерантности и компонентами этнической идентичности личности.

The article is a generalization of the empirical study of the dynamics of professional readiness of students of psychological specialties. The article naturally talks about the features and components of professional readiness, about the stages of educational activity of students of the last year of study. Based on the identified components (motivational, communicative, volitional, value-semantic, evaluative-reflexive), psychological testing of students was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the last year of study, the results of which showed a certain dynamic in the field under study. The reasoning about the dynamics that took place was confirmed by mathematical and statistical analysis.

The article actualizes the problem of preparing high school students to choose a military specialty in current political situation; semiotic and technical aspects of diagnostics are revealed, components, indicators and criteria for evaluating the phenomenon under study are specified.

The article shows the importance of the formation of social and informational competence in preparing students for future teaching activities. The structural components of socioal and informational competence and their content are considered. The conducted 104 research of the social and informational competence of future teachers is described, and its results are analyzed.

The article discusses the formation of professional and legal culture of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in conjunction with its structural components. Among the structural components of the formation of professional and legal culture of cadets, the following stand out: motivational, cognitive, activity and reflexive.

Career guidance for schoolchildren today is one of the priority tasks not only in the educational, but also in the economic sphere, since the well-being of our country depends on the right choice of profession by the younger generation. That is why, from September 1, 2023, a vocational guidance minimum is introduced in all schools in Russia, one of the areas of which is additional education. In organizations of additional education, it is necessary to create a developing environment with career guidance potential, since the environmental approach to personality formation has always been one of the most popular in pedagogy. The article introduces the concept of a developing vocational guidance environment for the organization of additional education, the principles of its creation, the main components and technology for creating a developing environment, including motivational, theoretical, heuristic, modeling, corrective stages and the stage of functioning of the environment model. The article will be useful for managers and teachers of organizations of additional education.

The article presents the scientific justification and the results of an experimental test of the psychological and pedagogical conditions for effective management of the implementation of federal projects in educational institutions. The social significance of the psychological and pedagogical readiness of teachers to implement project activities in education is highlighted. It is shown that the orientation of such activities is the design and research activities of students. It was found that for the effective implementation of federal educational projects, teachers of modern schools need to form project competence, ensuring the achievement of the necessary results in their professional activities, indicating a sufficient level of psychological and pedagogical readiness for pedagogical design.

The research of cognitive and metacognitive components of professional thinking of the students (n = 109) of the “man – man” type of jobs, as compared to value orientations, is presented in the article. Cognitive and metacognitive peculiarities are differently directed and have multiple meaning associations with the system of values. The potential of cognitive component of professional thinking is presented by various predominant qualities, while the potential of metacognitive component is characterized by different levels of development of metacognition.

The article is devoted to the study of the organization of the upbringing process in the units of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation. The theme topicality is revealed, approaches to the servicemen upbringing organization and the prevailing views on the problem solution are analyzed. The author’s view on the upbringing organization of the servicemen and employees on the basis of a systematic approach is presented. The connection between the upbringing system and the process of the military personnel and employees of the Rosgvardiya units is revealed. A detailed description of the directions (types) and components of the upbringing system in the Rosgvardiya units is given. Conclusions about the importance of a systematic approach to the organization of the servicemen and employe upbringing are drawn.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the state policy of Russia and China in field of education, its main components, advantages and disadvantages, as well as directions of development. The author revealed that in both Russia and China the educational policy in narrow sense is a tool for realization of state priorities in field of education. The article shows that innovative development remains the leading vector of implementation of Russia’s educational policy in the conditions of return to the national system of vocational training. It is noted that there are negative phenomena in educational system of China, despite the country being among the best countries in the world in terms of education quality. It is concluded that Russia should take into account positive experience of China in field of education.

There are the mean values of component’s structure agency of a modern teacher in this article. The main sample included 409 school teachers, of which 83,6 % — women, 16,4 % — men, the average age was 37,0 years (SD = 12,7). The components of one’s own uniqueness and ability to self-development are dominated in the structure of agency. The component of understanding and acceptance of another person is the least expressed. The mean values of the components depends on the age, work experience and qualification category of the teacher and does not depend on gender. The teacher’s agency is considered as the professional and personal resource for positive transformations of modern education.

The didactic process at the university combines training, education and development of students; these processes are complementary, focused on a holistic image of the result; the essence of the triune educational process in the object-subject transformation of the student, which is facilitated by the educational environment.

The article is devoted to determining the characteristics of the components of a person’s value attitude in the structure of health. The analysis of the emotional component of the students’ value attitude to their health is carried out. As a diagnostic tool, the following were used: R.A. Berezovskaya’s questionnaire “Attitude to health”, the test “Index of attitude to health” S. D. Deryabo, V. A. Yasvina. It was revealed that students of different forms of education have different indicators of the emotional component of the value attitude to their health.