The article presents the results of an empirical study of the level of involvement of employees of helping professions on the example of employment centers of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The interrelation of the level of involvement with career orientations, the level of spiral dynamics, professional self-attitude, as well as the characteristics of emotionality in the employment of new employees is investigated. The study was conducted based on the state autonomous educational institution of additional professional education of the Republic of Bashkortostan “Training Center of the State Employment Service”. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the fact that today budget organizations and institutions, like no other, face the most serious problem of staff turnover, therefore, maintaining the level of staff involvement based on the use of coaching technologies is of paramount importance, especially in a turbulent period.

The article is a generalization of the empirical study of the dynamics of professional readiness of students of psychological specialties. The article naturally talks about the features and components of professional readiness, about the stages of educational activity of students of the last year of study. Based on the identified components (motivational, communicative, volitional, value-semantic, evaluative-reflexive), psychological testing of students was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the last year of study, the results of which showed a certain dynamic in the field under study. The reasoning about the dynamics that took place was confirmed by mathematical and statistical analysis.

The article shows the influence of clip culture on the change of cognitive schemes of modern youth. According to the results of the content analysis of students’ written works, educational conditions affecting the state of the flow in students’ educational activities are determined. This was the purpose of the work. The modern educational environment has signs of hypertext. In these conditions, it is important for young people to be the “author” of the text themselves, to manage the process of their professional formation. Among other needs, the following are highlighted: the need for individualization, for the emotional component of the educational process, for changing its tempo. The marker “linking knowledge to practice” acts as a filter in conditions of a large amount of information coming through different channels. The research is of interest to a wide range of specialists: psychologists, sociologists, cultural scientists, teachers.

Based on a qualitative survey, the paper draws a picture of graduates’ selfperception in conditions of high-speed information exchange. The study raises the issue of how to improve today’s educational efficiency viewed as a mechanism for the reproduction of a new subject of historical action. Such a formulation of research problem allows us to draw attention to the consolidated Nonwestern potential for improving the quality of modern educational process. The potential under consideration is largely based on the hitherto neglected scope of intangible capital linked to untapped digital possibilities of multiculturalism. This implies not a direct, mindless copying of Western educational standards, but a synthesis of the best in the world education systems related to our own rich pedagogical traditions of higher education. The obtained results and conclusions can be helpful in fine tuning the interaction between teachers and trainees in national higher education.

The article, Specific Regularities of Constructing and Reproducing Human Interrelations (the Historical, Philosophical, and Psychological Aspects), is focused on discussing the new methodological approach, from the terms of Synergetic Historicism, to the study on the phenomenon of Human relationships. The investigation in question is based on the results of analysing historical, philosophical, and psychological aspects of the problem considered by some investigators as that of dynamic transformations of the nature of interrelationship between conscious subjects as well as of its reproduction specifics. The Method of Dual Oppositions and the Law of Self-organizing Social-cum-Cultural Ideals, applied to the investigation, allowed to rethink phenomena of human interrelations as a special and unique ability of society members (who are regarded as products of the synthesis of ideological, social, and value-animals) for being incorporated into interrelations with those standing for spiritual values, on the one hand, and those standing for utilities, on the other. The author believes that the process of reproducing by society members models of establishing human interrelations is defined by the factor of selecting alternative ways of Self-determination which are based on the constructive or destructive approaches to the problem of Freedom and Responsibility. In this manner, if the constructive approach is aimed at transforming Self-developing subjects into Self-determining ones, taking part of constructing social and interhuman relations in the course of establishing a social and cultural space common to all mankind, then the destructive approach is characterized by transforming Seif-developing subjects into Self-destructive ones, aimed at antihumanistic principles as well as at the approaching moment of Technological Singularity and the transition to the Post-Human reality.

Few studies have shown that group needs and general emotional background are reflected in group dynamics. Many theorists consider the general level of security to be the key state of the group that affects group dynamics. However, according to E. Desi and R. Ryan, the need for security is actualized with the frustration of autonomy. This empirical study is devoted to testing the relationship between group structure (centrality and density of the communication network) and group needs for autonomy, competence, belonging and security. As a result, in a sample of 110 people, it was found that the density of communication networks is positively related to the degree of satisfaction of the need for belonging and the satisfaction of the need for security, and the satisfaction of all three basic psychological needs is negatively related to centrality.