The article showed the essential side of V. P. Zinchenko’s scientific activity — the creation and support of new directions in science. The role of V. P. Zinchenko in the creation of domestic ergonomics as an independent science and the invitation of E. G. Yudin to participate in its creation, the importance of V. P. Zinchenko’s leadership of F. E. Vasilyuk’s dissertation research for the creation of understanding psychotherapy by him, support for B. G. Meshcheryakov’s work on the logical and semantic analysis of L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural and historical theory are considered. The importance of V. P. Zinchenko’s initiative for the creation of a manual on ergonomics of the Comecon countries and its significant role in the scientific career of the author of the article is shown.

The article highlights the methodological basis for choosing ways of interaction between military personnel of the National Guard of the Russian Federation and the local population, reveals issues of theoretical forecasting that justify the choice of methodological ways to study the interaction of military personnel with the local population, and also substantiates the relevance of using activity-based, anthropological and axiological approaches to the study of this phenomenon.

The article analyzes theoretical and methodological problems, characterizes historical and scientific prerequisites and summarizes the experience of psychological and pedagogical study of the development of human capital relevant to modern society in the innovative practice of continuous personality-oriented professional education. The novelty of the article is that the constructive solution of these problems is achieved on the basis of such innovative approaches as reflexive-subjective — for cognition of intellectual and creative resources of human capital and institutionalpersonological — for its psychological and pedagogical development in a multi-stage system of continuing professional education.

The logic and methodology of the century-old development of one of the largest areas of general and pedagogical psychology, founded in the twentieth century by S. L. Rubinstein and led at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries by his student A. V. Brushlinsky are analyzed. From the standpoint of the institutional-personological approach to scientific creativity and by analyzing half-forgotten sources, the key stages of his life are differentiated for the first time, achievements in his development of problems of general and pedagogical psychology based on the subject-activity paradigm are characterized in interaction with participants of the schools of S. L. Rubinstein and A. V. Brushlinsky himself, as well as with a number of Russian philosophers, psychologists and teachers.

The article gives an idea of the genesis of the formation of the ideology and scientific foundations of the state family policy as an independent scientific branch in the 1990s. The author analyzes the stages of the formation of its current paradigm, the inertial factors that hindered its implementation. The author’s concept of family policy, methodological approaches to the development of its strategy, subject, principles, implementation mechanisms, and legal foundations are presented.

The present paper gives a brief overview of the cognitive load theory and presents the results of the empirical research with experimental design: the control group received instruction in a “traditional” sequence, the experimental group received problem-solving first instruction. The results of the study confirm the hypothesis that introducing worked examples is beneficial for the efficiency of instruction and provide guidelines of worked examples implementation in teaching different domains.

The article briefly presents the main directions and results of the scientific research conducted by the renowned Russian scholar M. A. Lukatsky. His achievements in addressing pressing issues in contemporary education, pedagogy, and psychology, as well as his organization of interdisciplinary comprehensive research in semiology, are highlighted. His monographs and educational manuals, which are widely used in higher professional education, are characterized.