The article considers the need to transform the modern education system due to excessive information availability and violation of the basic principles formulated in the Russian philosophy of education, which postulates an inextricable link which the central element of the productive transformation of modern education is the formation of the skill of critical thinking, which occurs when using a certain methodology of teaching philosophy, which assumes not “filling memory”, but the development of an algorithm of mental action in the joint work of the teacher and the student.