The article reveals the moral and aesthetic aspects of the pedagogical potential of Russian literature and their influence on the formation among cadets of military universities of a sense of belonging to the greatest mission of the Russian army, which is to liberate peoples from resurgent neo-fascism and nationalism. The heroic images and examples of courage and perseverance of the Russian soldier reflected in literature instill in future officers pride in belonging to the great Fatherland.

The reason for referring to the topic of the article is the search for new approaches to the educational process development in the Rosgvardiya military institutes in dynamically changing conditions. Russian pedagogical practice has accumulated a large number of innovations which could be used in the process of improving the cadets’ training and education. Among the innovative achievements, the pedagogical system of A. S. Makarenko occupies a special place. Naturally, it is recognized as one of the best in the world in the 20th century. The use of the educational power of the team creates favorable opportunities for the formation and development of the best sides of the cadet’s personality.

The article is devoted to the study of the cadets’ professional and ethical training organization in military institutes of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation. The theme topicality is revealed, approaches to the organization of the professional and ethical training of the cadets and formed views on the problem solution are analyzed. The aim and objectives of the professional and ethical training of the cadets in the Rosgvardia military institute are formulated. The author’s view on the organization of professional and ethical training of cadets is presented.The functional model of the pedagogical system of the professional and ethical training of the cadets in the Rosgvardia military institute is revealed. Conclusions are reached and recommendations are formulated in order to improve the effectiveness of professional and ethical training of the cadets in the Rosgvardiya Military Institute.

The article discusses the formation of professional and legal culture of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in conjunction with its structural components. Among the structural components of the formation of professional and legal culture of cadets, the following stand out: motivational, cognitive, activity and reflexive.

The article reveals the features of professional deformation of the personality of cadets in the process of their training at a military university. The main factors that have a significant impact on the professional deformation of cadets are: the characteristics of their self-actualization in their future profession, as well as the levels of professional burnout and satisfaction with military professional activities. It has been established that the professional deformation of cadets directly depends on their creativity, spontaneity, autosympathy, contact and flexibility in communication. The article proposes a program for the prevention of professional deformation of cadets.

The analysis of A. S. Makarenko’s views on the essence and nature of pedagogical logic in the organization of the educational process is carried out in the article. Pedagogical logic is considered as the implementation of the dialectical logic requirements in intellectual and organizational activities. The characteristic features of A. S. Makarenko’s pedagogical logic are revealed: dialectic, systematic approach, practicability, activity of the foster-child in the pedagogical process. The possibility of applying the pedagogical logic of A. S. Makarenko in the modern practice of education in the Russian National Guard Troops is shown. It is noted that it is unacceptable to simplify the ideas of A. S. Makarenko in problems of pedagogical logic.

The article reveals the main pedagogical conditions for the formation of financial literacy of cadets of military institutes, the presence of which is objectively necessary for the formation of economic culture, including financial literacy. The material of the article determines the need to optimize pedagogical conditions in the educational activities of the military institute, as a key factor that has a direct impact on the formation of financial literacy of cadets in the process of vocational education.

The article presents the results of an empirical study conducted at a military university with cadets of the first and fourth courses (40 people). The control group consisted of students of the humanities university — young men of the same age (40 people). The study was conducted using the Resilience Test of D. A. Leontiev and E. I. Rasskazova, the Scale of Existence of A. Langle and K. Orgler, the methodology “dominant motivation” by I. Y. Kulagina and V. N. Kolutsky. It is shown that the indicators of resilience, meaningfulness of life and spiritual and moral motivation are more expressed in cadets, compared to students. Features of mature value-sense and motivational sphere are considered in modern conditions as professionally important qualities of future officers.

There are practically no works devoted to the problem of creative activity of a foreign language teacher in the process of preparing a lesson. In addition, in the methodological literature on pedagogy, little attention is paid to the consideration of theoretical approaches on the basis of which a solution to a problem is designed. The article outlines the concept of a teacher’s creative activity in the process of preparing a lesson based on control theory. An algorithm of actions is revealed based on the functions of management activities. The main content of actions at each stage is highlighted. The rules of pedagogical modeling are substantiated.