This article considers the phenomenon of taboo as a lexical unit, topic and communicative situation in school interactions. Based on the analysis of historical sources and modern research on the topic, the nature of the emergence of taboos as well as the factors associated with their resurgence and violation are considered and analyzed. The causes and dynamics of changes in taboos in modern society are analyzed, the regulation of taboo topics in modern Russia is considered, and thus the significance of studying and understanding the nature of taboos in the framework of modern schools is uncovered and justified. This paper aims to mainstream the importance of studying taboo and controversial topics, of which taboos are a part, in the context of school education, pedagogical prowess and teacher-student relations. The review study is aimed at delineating the framework at the border of linguistics, psychology, pedagogy and the sciences of education, in which further study of taboos in the school education system should be conducted.