The article provides an analytical review of the impact of human capital (i.e. creative ideas and scientific achievements) of the school of the leader of Soviet psychology of the mid-twentieth century S. L. Rubinstein on the formation and development of the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The initiative significance of the idea of the Deputy director of the Institute of Philosophy of the USSR Academy of Sciences S. L. Rubinstein about the need to create an Institute of Psychology in the academic system and the institutional promotion of the project developed by him is shown. The personology of students and their role in its organizational implementation in the IP RAS is characterized. For the first time, the constructive contribution to the development of the IP RAS of both participants of this school and scientists of other institutions in cooperation with psychologists of the classical and modern periods of Russian human studies has been systematically summarized.

The article briefly reveals the main events and circumstances that took place during the preparation and defense of the candidate’s (1951–1954) and doctoral (1960–1968) dissertations of one of the founders of the theory of military pedagogy, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Major General Alexander Vasilyevich Barabanshchikov (06.12.1924 — 17.02.1997). The content and style of leadership of dissertation research of applicants by A.V. Barabanshchikov are characterized.