The article considers the tasks of studying the social and psychological conditions of competitiveness of enterprises. A dialectical approach was used — the study of the general, special and singular, in particular, construction of research models at macrosocial, mesosocial and microsocial levels. Prescriptive and descriptive models are presented. Main definitions of the study of social and psychological conditions are reflected. The macro-level of research in our version of the descriptive model is excluded, the development of the scientific and technological complex of the country, which is represented at the microsocial level, is indicated at the microsocial level.

Today, no one is satisfied with the level of practical preparation of university graduates for professional activities. Precise criteria for the scale of this problem have not yet been established. Many digital data from real sources are unlikely to be credible. The authors raise questions about the need for universities to provide a good knowledge base for practical training of students.