The article deals with the problems and prospects for the development of modern competencies of teachers in the process of digitalization of the educational process. A significant theoretical analysis of the problems of the development of digitalization of education and information and communication competencies of teachers has been carried out through generalizations of numerous studies. The theoretical argumentation of the development of innovativeness of teachers as a psychological characteristic that contributes to the formation of digital competencies is presented. The content of the article describes in detail the practical technology of organizing a teacher’s psychological and pedagogical laboratory in the form of a cycle of logically interconnected modules. This technology will allow organizing the development of teacher competencies, including digital ones, in the system of a modern educational institution. In conclusion, the necessity of introducing this system into the practice of modern education is substantiated.