The article deals with an archived problem in the role of increased responsibility in mobilization during a special operation. In the pedagogical study, the characteristics of military mobilization during the Civil War and during the Great Patriotic War are given. A special role in the military mobilization of citizens was played by the correct organization of the country’s population and the discipline of the population at that difficult time, the work describes the formation of a military special operation that began on February twenty-fourth in two thousand twenty-two, which was a historical factor for the protection of the Russian Federation.